PHILOLOGIST – Journal of Language, Literature, and Cultural Studies

TEMPORAL GENITIVE IN THE SPEECH OF THE SLATINA REGION NEAR BANJA LUKA (REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA)

Dijana Crnjak — 2024-06-30

This paper isolates the syntactic and semantic models of the temporal genitive with the meaning of temporal identification – temporal localization (simultaneity and successiveness) and temporal quantification, specifically temporal quantification in the narrow sense (longitudinality, terminativeness and ingressiveness) and temporal frequency (regularity). It further isolates typical temporal meanings expressed by the genitive: direct temporal localisation without awareness of the passing of time, with the presence of processuality markers (-): usred / početkom / u koncu / koncem + genitive; direct temporal localisation with awareness of the passing of time, with the presence of processuality markers (+): preko/ za vrijeme + genitive; direct temporal localisation unmarked in terms of awareness of the passing of time, with the presence of processuality markers (+/-): kod + genitive; direct temporal localisation with actualisation markers: ovaj, neki, jedan, isti, prošli, prvi, drugi + genitive; indefinite indirect temporal localization with linear circumlativity markers: oko + genitive; definite direct temporal localisation – temporal anteriority; prije/uoči/ispred + genitive and temporal posteriority: poslije/iza + genitive. The meaning of temporal quantification in the narrow sense is expressed as longitudinality: čitav/cijeli + genitive, ingressiveness: od + genitive and terminativeness: do + genitive, while the temporal frequency was confirmed in the meaning of regularity: svaki + genitive. The corpus was collected in field research of the speech of the Slatina region in the north-west of the Republic of Srpska. The analysis compared the recorded aspects of temporal relations expressed with the genitive to the state in similar speeches of the Herzegovina-Krajina dialect.

THE ANALYSIS OF ERRORS WHEN LEARNING SERBIAN LANGUAGE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE ON THE EXAMPLE OF A GROUP OF GERMAN STUDENTS

Mijana Kuburić Macura — 2024-06-30

This paper analyzes errors in the final written papers of German students who attended an intensive Serbian language course lasting 15 days / 34 lessons in February 2023. Errors were systematized according to groups formed based on the level of initial knowledge of the Serbian language (A0 and A1‒A2), and then according to types of errors, i.e. according to the linguistic levels at which they arise ‒ phonological/orthographic, morphological/morphosyntactic and syntactic. In both examined groups, first of all, errors concerning graphemes specific to the Serbian language were observed. In group A1‒A2, there were also errors that can be explained by language transfer: writing the grapheme з instead of ц (e.g. полизе, канзеларија) as well as с instead of з in the initial position in the word (e.g. сграда). In the analyzed material, in both observed groups, a number of various errors in the forming and the use of verbs can be observed, which is a consequence of several reasons: the complexity of the Serbian verb system, the lack of time to devote to a systematic approach to verb types during the course, voice changes in the formation of verb forms etc. Errors in the use of cases were also observed, most often with prepositions that can be used with two case forms, but in different meanings (e.g. на, у ‒ with accusative and locative). In the group A1‒A2, with which the comparison of adjectives was also covered in the course, mistakes were also observed in this process, which mainly concern the process of voice changes. The recorded errors at the syntactic level were not particularly numerous in the analyzed corpus, both due to the limited corpus and the fact that complex syntactic constructions are not taught at the initial levels of learning the Serbian language, so there were fewer opportunities for mistakes. The recorded examples concern unacceptable word order and, in one case, an inadequate conjunction, which can be interpreted as a consequence of the transfer from German, the native language of the course participants. The analysis of language errors during learning a foreign language is current in linguomethodical research mainly because of its practical importance ‒ by looking at errors, their causes are determined, and ways to prevent or correct them are found. This research was conceived precisely as a contribution to that goal and, in general, to the improvement of the teaching of the Serbian language for students whose mother tongue is German, but also for foreigners in general.

THE ACCENT OF NOUNS ENDING IN SUFFIX -ANJE IN THE SPEECH OF ANCHORS AND REPORTERS OF THE PUBLIC BROADCAST SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA AND IN SERBIAN LANGUAGE DICTIONARIES

Slađana Cukut — 2024-06-30

This paper examines accent doubletism of nouns ending in the suffix -anje in TV presenters’ speech in the Republic of Srpska. Furthermore, we overview accentual types and variants in the reverse dictionary, RMS and RSJ. About 280 nouns ending in the suffix -anje, according to dictionaries, have two accentual variants. On television programmes, the most frequently used nouns such as vaspitanje, poštovanje, poslovanje, imenovanje, obrazovanje, organizovanje, stabilizovanje, legalizovanje, lokalizovanje etc., can have two or three variants, but they only partially match with the dictionary variants. Frequency of variants in different examples can vary drastically.

HISTORICAL CONTEXT AND LINGUISTIC SPECIFICITIES OF ARTICLE XXIV OF THE SALIC LAW

Sanja Ljubišić — 2024-06-30

This paper explores the historical context and linguistic specificities of Article XXIV of the Salic Law, which, among other things, tells us about the killings of powerless people, in particular women and children, as well as about the type of punishment reserved for such acts. The Salic Law, one of the “most German” laws in the eyes of many, emerged in the beginning of the 6th century, and it represents a collection of common law of the Salian Franks over the course of various periods. The first two editions of the Law, the oldest ones at the same time, date back to the Merovingian dynasty, whereas the remaining editions originate in the 7th and 8th centuries. Apart from being an indispensable source to historians and jurists, the Law is equally interesting for philologists as well. The linguistic value of the Law is reflected in early features of mediaeval Latin and in non-Latin glosses distributed within the Latin text. In addition, this Law indicates some linguistic specificities of the period designated, which are reflected in certain phonetic changes, certain lexical features, and the use of archaisms. All the aforementioned provides us with an insight in the evolution of Latin and its influence on the development of Romance languages.

TEACHING VERBAL ASPECT IN SERBIAN AND CROATIAN AS L2: REFLECTIONS AND PROPOSALS

Marija Runić — 2024-06-30

In this paper, I reflect on how to teach Serbian and Croatian verbal aspect to L1 Italian students by drawing from formal and cognitive linguistic theory. I outline a teaching proposal centered around contrastive analysis and metalinguistic reflection and propose a series of teaching activities. I also provide suggestions on how, when, and in which order various aspects of aspectual knowledge (semantic, pragmatic, morphological, lexical, metalinguistic) should be tackled in classroom. The paper includes several exercises that have already been tested in the classroom and is intended as a resource for teachers of L2 Serbian and Croatian.

TRANSLATION OF REALIA: A COMPARISON OF TWO ITALIAN TRANSLATIONS OF THE NOVEL DICTIONARY OF THE KHAZARS

Anja Pravuljac — 2024-06-30

This paper explores some challenges in literary translation from a contrastive perspective through the lexical analysis of two Italian translations of Milorad Pavić’s novel Dictionary of the Khazars. The study aims to delve into the issues surrounding the transfer of cultural elements and the selection of translation methods in cases involving two distant cultures. This is achieved by analysing two Italian translations of Pavić’s novel: Branka Ničija’s translation published in 1988 and Alice Parmeggiani’s translation from 2020. Through a comparative analysis of the original lexical elements and those employed in the Italian translations, the study seeks to investigate whether differences in the treatment of source culture realia in the target language are discernible due to a thirty-two-year gap between the two translations. In other words, the study aims to determine whether the most recent translation of Pavić’s novel reflects an ambition to preserve the original cultural elements in the Italian rendition.

EXISTENTIALS, LOCATIVES AND INVERSE LOCATIVES IN ŠTIVORIAN

Alberto Frasson — 2024-06-30

The present study investigates syntactic and interpretive properties of existential, locative and inverse locative constructions in Štivorian, a northern ItaloRomance variety spoken in north-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. I discuss the definiteness effect (Milsark, 1974), focusing on cross-linguistic properties of locative and existential constructions, both at the structural and interpretive level. On the one hand, existentials show default agreement with a post-copular indefinite pivot in existentials; on the other hand, locatives show full agreement with a pre-copular definite pivot. In addition to this opposition, Štivorian displays inverse locatives, exhibiting mixed properties of existential and locative constructions. The goal of the present study is to show that existential and locative constructions have distinct underlying structures; inverse locatives allow for a structural analysis that parallels that of existentials, with additional interpretive properties that make them akin to regular locative constructions.

EXTENDED METAPHOR IN FRENCH SPECIALISED DISCOURSE: FROM SCIENTIFIC DENOMINATION TO POPULARISATION

Jan Holeš — 2024-06-30

Metaphor is an extremely varied phenomenon, which was studied not only in the context of poetry and rhetoric, but also in the field of terminology. Besides ornamental metaphors used in poetry and fiction, the language abounds in lexicalised metaphors with denominative function. Terminologists have long recognised their role as a source of terms. Similarly, extended metaphor is commonly found in specialised language, both on the lexical level, and the textual level, fulfilling several functions. This article offers some examples of extended metaphors used for denomination purposes in specialised terminologies of some fields (linguistics, computer science, genetics, and economics), as catachreses accepted by scholarly communities and legitimised by their terminological use. In addition, the article contains examples of their use in popular science texts, where they have explicative function, serving to bring an unknown field of speciality closer to a better-known field and make the specialised text intelligible to its addressee.

VOCATIVE EXPRESSIONS IN THE SERVICE TO SAINTS ATHANASIUS AND CYRIL OF ALEXANDRIA (18TH CENTURY)

Vera Berak — 2024-06-30

This paper discusses vocative expressions and their pragmatic functions in poetic liturgical texts, more specifically, in The Service to Saints Athanasius and Cyril of Alexandria, an early 18th-century Serbo-Slavonic manuscript kept at the Museum of the Old Orthodox Christian Church in Sarajevo. A service is a complex poetic genre used in liturgy that often contains vocative expressions, which may be single lexemes or syntagms, whose structure may have different patterns. The monolexical vocative expressions in The Service include anthroponyms, nouns, substantivised adjectives and collective nouns. The multilexical vocatives consist of two or more elements and include nouns and participles, as well as optional or dependent elements, such as agreeing and non-agreeing attributes, attributive nouns, and appositives. The manuscript analysis showed a great syntactic variety of the multilexical vocative expressions with dependent elements, which rarely re-occur, with the resulting language being unformulaic and unrepetitive. The meaning of the vocative expressions is not limited to the primary functions of address and call; in addition to the vocative and appellative functions, the vocatives are also expressive or offer prayers to the saints and solemnise them.

PECULIARITIES OF THE USE OF ANCIENT QUOTATIONS IN THE PORTRAITURE OF THE RENAISSANCE ERA

Olesia Lazer-Pankiv — 2024-06-30

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the use of quotations from ancient authors’ works in the form of inscriptions on secular portraits of the Renaissance period. It outlines the cultural and historical prerequisites that determined the peculiarities of portrait painting development in this period as well as the use of Latin inscriptions therein. The key underlying role in cultural development of this period played the change of religious and philosophical paradigm, the general cultural humanistic orientation of the era, as well as the revival of classical ancient ideas. These factors ultimately determined the selection and application of Latin inscriptions in the Renaissance portraiture. This paper analyses the grammatical features (change in the grammatical design of individual quotation elements) and structural transformations (abbreviation or, conversely, supplementation) of the ancient quotations on portraits depending on their respective functional load, which the painters availed themselves of, in order to explicitly convey their artistic intention. The article scrutinizes various semantic transformations undergone by ancient quotations in terms of their use in a completely different (as regards to the original text) cultural context. It also offers general description of the functional semantics of ancient quotations on secular portraits of the Renaissance period.

GRICE'S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE IN GEORGE BERNARD SHAW'S PLAY PYGMALION

Svetlana Obradović — 2024-06-30

This paper deals with the analysis concerning the flouting of Grice's cooperative principle in Pygmalion, by Irish playwright George Bernard Shaw. The investigation was accomplished with the aim of determining the maxims which were flouted, how often they were flouted, as well as determining which rhetorical strategies and submaxims dominate certain maxims. Within this qualitative research based on descriptive analysis, 111 dramatic dialogues, illustrating a wide specter of the above-mentioned flouting was found. The analysis showed that the maxim of quality was flouted in 54.05% of dialogues, while metaphor represented the most frequently found mechanism of this maxim due to the fact that metaphorical transfer of meaning was the predominant feature of literary style. There were 13.51% of dramatic dialogues in which respondents gave irrelevant answers or answers that did not suit the topic of conversation. The maxim of quantity followed the maxim where one tried to be truthful and did not give information which was false or that was not supported by evidence making a total of 22.51% of dialogues, while there was 9.09% of dialogues in which the characters were unclear or ambiguous. Rather than affecting the process of communication, the floutings reflect the playwright creativity and are used to express deep sarcasm, babbitry, superficiality and hypocrisy.

ELEMENTS WITHOUT PRIOR INSTRUCTION (EWPI), A NEW CATEGORY FOR ANALYSING SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: A PANORAMIC REVIEW OF ERROR ANALYSIS

Joan Sapiña — 2024-06-30

This article presents a panoramic review of Error Analysis and Interlanguage studies, with the aim of reflecting on the need to include a new taxonomic category in said research. If formal second language teaching is an important factor in learning, there is no doubt that research on students' interlanguage should reflect this importance. This can be formulated through an operational category in formal learning contexts that allows the student's data to be classified, depending on whether the element of analysis has been previously instructed or not. This category gives great importance to the entire production and opens new paths in the dialogue with the influence of non-formal learning and with the positive impact of related languages, regardless of whether it is the mother tongue. It also highlights the importance of observing, quantifying and describing linguistic phenomena that are not necessarily produced in large absolute numbers, but that might still be relevant to explain the evolution of second language acquisition.

CAPITALISING ON MULTILINGUALISM AT UNIVERSITY: LANGUAGE BIOGRAPHY CASE STUDIES OF EUROPEAN STUDENTS

Tihana Iveković — 2024-06-30

Within the university study area, multilingualism has been a long-lasting, but under-researched phenomenon for a long time. In view of that, and the reality of sociocultural complexities of the globalizing society, this study examines how multilingual practices affect and influence the experiences of studying at university, with a focus on academic success, social relations, andpersonal intellectual and career development. A mixed-methods approach was applied in a case study with five multilingual informants, whose experiences spanned various learning situations. Results show that multilingual skills are perceived as integral and indispensable to an international study and work experience, and that multilingualism is more than a social advantage. Higher education institutions can therefore utilise targeted strategies to capitalize on linguistic diversity with an aim of improving students success.

ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA REGARDING TRANSLATIONS OF INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS FROM ENGLISH INTO THE NATIVE LANGUAGE

Suzana Marković — 2024-06-30

This paper analyses the attitudes of English language students in Bosnia and Herzegovina regarding the translation of indirect speech acts from English into their native language. Indirect speech acts are specific as a cultural phenomena, which achieve linguistically expressed politeness and they are primarily typical for Anglo-American culture, while Balkan countries tend to prefer more direct forms of communication. The aim of the paper is to examine how English language students perceive the question of translating indirect speech acts, specifically whether it is necessary to adhere to the indirect, often interrogative sentence form in translation from the source language to the target language, or whether it is necessary to include some other parameters such as context, level of formality in communication, interpersonal relationships and so on. In order to conduct this research, a questionnaire was developed and distributed among students from all years of study and master’s programmes in several university centres in BiH. The conclusion we reached is not uniform, and it cannot be said that English language students consistently advocate for maintaining the indirect form in all contexts or require explicit illocutionary force of indirect speech acts.

DEVELOPING A COLLOCATION LEARNING MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR ENHANCING ELF ORAL COMMUNICATION IN THAILAND

Montaya Srisapoom — 2024-06-30

The significance of collocation in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) for oral communication has been largely neglected. This study aims to develop a collocation learning management model that would enhance the oral communication skills ofEnglish ELF university students in Thailand. The study provides insights. Initially, the main challenges discovered were content enhancement, limited activities and learning arrangements, low motivation, and non-cooperative conduct. A learning managementmodel for English collocations was also introduced to address the issues. The model's theoretical concepts, objectives, learning management phases, social system, reaction principle, and support system have been identified. Furthermore, the model improved students' listening, speaking, and basic language skills in higher education. Additional investigation is required to ascertain the enduring scholarly achievement of this model when combined with other pedagogical methodologies and its integration and practical application across all language skills for prospective utilisation in comparable educational settings.

WITHIN THESE FOUR WALLS: THE PERILOUSNESS OF ELUSIVE GUARD RAILS AND IMPERMANENCE OF SAFETY

Emir Muhić — 2024-06-30

Cognition for better or worse does appear to reside at the feet of spatiality, which in turn constitutes one of the more ossified keystones of reality-carving perception mechanisms the humanoid-coded cohort is invariably endowed with, and it bears repeating that this constellation of epistemic mechanics abides in no small measure owing to societal and culturally-tinted mores incessantly reiterated to the brink of relegation to a metanoia contrived in a borderline ad nauseum fashion. Therein lies the hindrance to one-to-one or at the very least easily elicited correspondence in the transposition and limpid demarcation between structurally inherited and transgenerationally mooted and affirmed cognitive devices garnered from a relatively unbiased source and telegraphed with a gloss of fear into a more pliant and individuated target domain. The unremitting character of moulding an intertextual and ostensibly erroneous meaning-sensitive system is equal parts the north star and a murky nor’easter blanketing the way forward and out. The paper, notwithstanding said constraints, posits an amalgamated theoretical and analytical matrix attuned to the “what works principle” and at the same intent lays the groundwork for a dry-run approach to decipherment at large. This hybridised analytical tool is provisionally put on a metaphorical beta blocker and remains to be further expatiated on and deployed in force on a more comprehensive corpus, however the paper shines a light on cognition, culture and along with grammaring as the “fifth” skill and brings it into synchronous orbit. It would not be misleading to say that this is a spark plug teasing an upcoming in-depth volume. It follows that since the unequivocal assertions concerning cultural and cognitive negotiations populating the domain at the heart of both cogitation and consequent meaningful and workable output show no signs of abating, this zetetic line ought to be further pursued and hopefully illuminated. The propositions were put to the test in an empirically attested and cogently targeted sample study of media-propelled and licenced messaging armature. Last and by no means least, this analytical amalgam seeks to broach the through line of safety, health and wellbeing perpendicular to the shielding tools meant to safeguard their sustained preservation.

NAVIGATING SOLITARY CONFINEMENT IN RUTH FIRST’S 117 DAYS

Mobolanle Sotunsa — 2024-06-30

Despite benefiting greatly from apartheid, a small number of white South Africans decided to join the war being waged by black South Africans because they were revolted and appalled by the system’s abuses. These people renounced the privileges bestowed upon them by the apartheid regime to devote their lives to fighting injustice and attaining their objective of a free and democratic South Africa for all. One of these white anti-apartheid activists is Ruth First, a journalist, who was detained under the 90-Day Law in 1963 and was kept in solitary confinement for 117 days. Given that research indicates the practice has widespread detrimental impacts on health, solitary confinement is the harshest penalty that can be legally imposed on detainees and prisoners, apart from the death sentence. This study undertakes a literary analysis of Ruth First’s prison memoir, 117 Days: An Account of Confinement and Interrogation under the South African Ninety-Day Detention Law. It examines her experience of solitary confinement, response, and adaptability to such confinement using Gresham Sykes’ deprivation theory. The memoir provides an insight into the harmful effects of imprisonment in general and solitary confinement in particular.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE STRUGGLE AGAINST COLONIAL OPPRESSION IN IRELAND AND INDIA THROUGH THE PRISM OF LIAM O’FLAHERTY AND KAMALA MARKANDAYA

Biljana Đorić Francuski — 2024-06-30

Ireland and India, even though geographically and ethnically distant countries, still possess many similarities, mostly related to the fact that they both used to be colonies of the British Empire. Before gaining independence, similarly marked by Partition in both countries, they were battlefields of colonial confrontation, depicted in many literary works. The purpose of this article is to make a comparison by analysing selected novels written by Liam O’Flaherty from Ireland and the Indian-born Kamala Markandaya, which focus on the clash between the coloniser and the colonized in these two countries. The most important point revealed by comparative analysis is that neither O’Flaherty nor Markandaya blindly accuse the coloniser alone for the misery and sufferings of the Irish/Indian people, since they also find fault with their respective governments, aware that progress in their countries can be achieved only as a result of the joint efforts of their governments and peoples.

LATE MODERN ANXIETY AND DIGITAL JIHADIST ALTERNATIVE IN ANNA ERELLE’S IN THE SKIN OF A JIHADIST AND TIMUR BEKMAMBETOV’S PROFILE

Faruk Bajraktarević — 2024-06-30

For almost a decade, ISIS has held the status of the West’s radical other, its symbolic and real challenge to the western idea of modernity becoming ever more prominent and threatening with a growing accessibility of online propaganda content and recruitment via social media platforms in a largely unregulated social networking environment. In that context, the paper discusses Anna Erelle’s book In the Skin of a Jihadist and its film adaptation Profile as two distinct but complementary visions of the West and its other. My argument is that Timur Bekmambetov’s adaptation, as a Baumanesque critical reading of the West’s late modernity, is supplemental to the original text and its liberal views of jihadist otherness. Profile thus views the West and ISIS as two universalist visions of the world so that by facing the dangerous alterity on the computer screen, the West should not only see the morally inferior enemy to be exposed, transformed or eventually defeated but the reflection of its own late modern failures, disappointments and frustrations.

TRANSFORMATION OF THE OTHER IN E. M. FORSTER’S MAURICE

Branko Crnogorac — 2024-06-30

M. Forster’s novels represent a comprehensive oeuvre in terms of theoretical discussions, mostly those inspired by Forster himself in a series of public addresses as regards the role and nature of novel entitled The Clarke Lectures. Nevertheless, this assessment refers only to the five novels published over the course of his life, which, without exception, reached the status of a literary classic and which were either adapted for screen or stage. In opposition to that, the paper deals with Forster’s posthumously published novel Maurice, offering, on the one hand, an insight into the most intimate nooks of the author’s life within the context of homosexuality as a proscribed sexual orientation in the then British society and, on the other hand, into those elements of his published fictional works that critics had not dealt with until postcolonial/colonial studies were established as a full-pledged field of literary research. In that sense, the paper focuses on the notion of the Other and on its transformation from a dehumanised epitome of social margin to a perfectly camouflaged representative of dominant structures that surpasses, in many respects, its metropolitan role model and deconstructs it successfully, providing us with a prophet-like vision of the destiny of the British Empire in a decolonised world.

MYTHOLOGY AS THE POETIC INSTRUMENT IN THE POETRY OF WILLIAM BUTLER YEATS

Luka Milošević — 2024-06-30

This paper explores the influx of mythological elements in the poetry of William Butler Yeats. Yeats is famous as a poet of the Irish national movement. Thus, his poems are abundant with references to motifs and figures that belong to Irish mythology. On the other hand, Yeats was no stranger to other national mythologies, especially when it comes to ancient Greece. By analysing poetic tools in Yeats's poems, our aim is to delve into the power of folklore and national heritage in general. Yeats did not use mythological elements uniformly or sparingly. That is why our task lies in noticing how Yeats used mythology to rekindle the Irish sense of national identity, to depict universal metaphysical issues, and to include the Irish heritage in the realm of acknowledged European cultural lore, alongside timeless heroes and the gods of Ancient Greece.

THE BETRAYED PARABLE AS A CONSTITUTIVE FIGURE IN KAFKA'S NOVEL THE PROCESS

Nikola Milović — 2024-06-30

This paper deals with the analysis of Kafka's novel The Process by using an Old Testament figure parable as a key for interpretation. The hypothesis is that Kafka's novel is formed like parabolical religious-sacred texts, but with a betraying parabolical final sense. Fundamental elements of the parable ‒ metaphysical sense and human freedom ‒ have been dislodged from their usual positions. We will try to show how the change in the parable happens because of the new experience of the religious, primarily through the capitalist appropriation of sacred prerogatives. Using the lines of Walter Benjamin from his text Capitalism as Religion, we will try to show the capitalistic source of Josef 's guilt. The world of The Process is distinguished primarily by the omnipresence of the judge, which aims to imitate the omnipresence of God, therefore imitating sacred grounding. Also, the main characteristic of the character is desubstantialisation, i.e., emptying of spiritual content. Such individuals are not able to store the parabolic meaning in themselves, and at the same time, they are not able to establish real interpersonal relationships. In the world constructed by a betrayed parable, there is no possibility of a happy resolution: neither such a parable can guarantee meaning nor can the desubstantialised individual rebel. The only way left is to die indifferently.

A LEGEND FULL OF LIGHT AND DARKNESS: ANDRIĆ AND GOYA IN THE TEACHING PROCESS

Sara Arva — 2024-06-30

In this research, we present the figure of the artist through the teaching process of Andrić’s literary work “Conversation with Goya” and “Goya”, while correlating Literature and Art as two interdisciplinary school subjects. The first part of the paper refers to the theoretical considerations of the correlation-integration methodology, by analysing the way in which the painter Goya is presented in Literature and Art school textbooks of different publishers. The central part of the research shows the complexity of using the virtual exhibition “Goya: Drawings from the Prado Museum” in the teaching process while following Andrić’s writing and his reception of Goya’s paintings. The last and concluding segment of this paper refers to one possible interpretation of the artist through the discourse of evil – by examining the demon within the artist and the demonic in art.

ON THE HOLY FIRE OF HEARTH, UNQUENCHABLE

Slavko Petaković — 2024-06-30

SHAKESPEARE AND INTERMEDIALITY IN THE TELEVISION SERIES SLINGS AND ARROWS

Ana Andrejević — 2024-06-30

Shakespeare’s works have historically been associated with elite culture, yet their adaptation and integration into popular culture remain pertinent. His narratives hold such significance in global culture that they spontaneously generate numerous adaptations and sequels through the ‘snowball effect’, as defined by Ryan, both within the same medium and across different media. In the initial stages of adapting Shakespeare’s plays, the adaptations were intermedial. However, starting from the Romantic era, they also underwent reshaping in other media, utilising remediation for the purposes of modernisation and contextualisation. In today’s electronic and new media era, Shakespeare’s plays undergo a transformation across diverse media platforms, where familiar contents are transposed in various ways. Many intermedial and transmedial adaptations borrow recognisable topoi, characters, or plots, creating new narratives that often lack artistic depth. Conversely, the Canadian television series Slings and Arrows distinguishes itself by emphasising the enduring artistic value of Shakespeare’s narrative across every medium. Spanning three seasons, the series portrays the challenges of a fictional theatre company as it prepares to produce three of Shakespeare’s plays: Hamlet, Macbeth, and King Lear. Within this context, we witness the process of remediation, which involves the integration of one media form into another. By presenting the fundamental characteristics of theatre and highlighting its artistic nature, the series Slings and Arrows becomes both an instructive and entertaining media format. This paper aims to explain the method and level of success of the remediation process within the context of Shakespeare’s authentic narrative. The research method draws upon Bolter and Grusin’s theory of remediation in conjunction with Ryan’s and Jenkins’ concepts of intermediality and transmediality.

CONVERSATIONAL STRUCTURE AND TURN-TAKING MANAGEMENT IN INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CLIENTS AND OFFICERS AT A DRIVERS LICENSING OFFICE IN NIGERIA

Omotosho Melefa — 2024-06-30

This study examines conversational structure and turn management in interactions between clients and officers of the Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) at a Nigerian drivers licensing office in order to unveil how sociocultural nuances shape the structure of conversations in this context. The data comprised 21 samples of interaction sequences which were purposively selected from over 13 hours of tape-recordings and analysed using Conversation Analysis. The findings reveal that the interactions are organised in adjacency pairs and expanded most of the time with insertion sequences. Also, turns are shared between the officers and clients through self-selection, current-speaker-selects-next and sustained-turns procedures, which are largely within the control of the officers. There are various cues of silence and pauses, socio-centric sequences, adjacency pairs, drawls, pitch, overlap and interruptions, which are turn-taking and turn-giving cues in the interactions. These features reveal the interactions as institutional talk, which is peculiar to this social environment.

ITALIAN CULTURE AS A BRAND IN THE ITALIAN LANGUAGE TEXTBOOK FOR A1 LEVEL

Jelena Pavlović Jovanović — 2024-06-30

In this paper, we deal with the analysis of Italian culture as a brand in the textbook Chiaro! for A1 level (Alma Edizioni, Florence, 2011). Branding a nation includes various elements from tradition, food, drink, cultural destinations, all the way to elements of everyday culture. Using a qualitative method, we analysed Italian culture as a brand in the first five lessons of the textbook intended for the initial level of Italian language acquisition by adult learners. We established that the brand of Italy and Italian culture is present in the examined lessons. Italian culture as a brand is recognised in geographical locations (sea, mountains), food and drink, fashion, high culture (music, museums), family and socialising. The presentation of Italian culture has primarily a utilitarian function. Occasionally, a ludic-aesthetic function is realied, especially when different beliefs are dealt with. Italian culture as a brand is presented as a traditional, but also as a multicultural country. Each lesson is accompanied by carefully selected questions that aim to awaken associations with Italian culture, to point out the differences between Italian and the student’s culture and to facilitate the student’s communication in a foreign language. A special value of textbooks is a special segment of the lesson devoted to culture, which is located at the end of each thematic unit.

THE CULTURAL FACTORS IN SHAPING IMAGE FOR SIGN LEXICALISATION

Ni Putu Wedayanti — 2024-06-30

Food as part of a society’s culture constitutes a cultural aspect that is quite capable of representing the customs of society as well as the dynamics of social and economic changes that occur in society. With this general background, this paper aims to examine the basis of image selection of food signs in Kata Kolok sign language. The qualitative method of analysis is used with a focus on the linguistic phenomenon that exist in the deaf community of Bengkala village, northern part of Bali Island. The data used in this study were collected from Kata Kolok corpus data available at www.signbank.ru.nl. From the available sign data, this study focuses on food signs data, which is then classified into traditional food and non-traditional food. From the results, it can be claimed that the deaf community of Bengkala village chose how to make food as an image that was selected to be a sign for traditional food because people in the village have good traditional knowledge about processing those foods. Meanwhile, the image chosen as a representation of non-traditional food is the appearance of the food.

INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

Marijana Prodanović — 2024-06-30

WHEN COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE CROSS PATHS

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