HOW DO TOP GIRLS TURN INTO HITLERINAS?: A FEMINIST-SOCIALIST ANALYSIS OF CARYL CHURCHILL’S PLAY TOP GIRLS (1982)

Svjetlana R.  Ognjenović

doi:10.21618/fil2328373o

Autori

Svjetlana R. Ognjenović Univerzitet u Istočnom Sarajevu Filozofski fakultet Pale Odsjek za engleski jezik i književnost

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21618/fil2328373o

Ključne reči:

feminizam, patrijarhat, kapitalizam, socijalizam, majčinstvo.

Apstrakt

Drama Top-djevojke važi za jednu od najznačajnijih, najizvođenijih, najviše izučavanih i tumačenih drama britanskog modernog teatra. Najveći broj interpretacija ove drame oslanja se na feminističku teoriju i uglavnom tumači dramu iz perspektive razdora između radikalnog i liberalnog feminizma, o čemu će i u ovom radu biti riječi. Ipak, mi ćemo posebnu pažnju pokloniti temi povezanosti između patrijarhata i kapitalizma, kao i oskudnim opcijama za žene unutar ova dva represivna sistema. Da bismo postigli svoj cilj i pokazali kako djeluje kapitalistički patrijarhat, kako je sadejstvo gornja dva sistema nazvala Zila Ajzenstajn, osim na njen rad, pozivaćemo se i na članke Linde Gordon, Nensi Čodorov, Hajdi Hartman i Eve Figes. Cilj nam je da pokažemo da se društveni status i životni standard žena ne mogu i ne smiju ravnati sa relativno rijetkim uspjehom pojedinačnih žena, kao što su protagonistkinja ovog komada Marlin ili njena junakinja iz stvarnog života Margaret Tačer, koje su morale prigrliti tradicionalne muške i kapitalističke vrijednosti takmičarskog duha i sebičnosti da bi ostvarile svoj sumnjivi uspjeh. U radu ćemo pokazati da prisvajanje moći od strane žena ne znači ništa ukoliko ta žena ne mari za interese slabijih i nemoćnih i da njen status top-djevojke, pod ovakvim okolnostima, nikako ne može da predstavlja feminističku pobjedu.

Reference

Adiseshiah, S. (2009) Churchill’s Socialism: Political Resistance in the Plays of Caryl Churchill. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Bazin, V. (2006) [Not] Talkin ‘bout my Generation: Historicizing Feminisms in Caryl Churchill’s Top Girls. Studies in the Literary Imagination. 39.2. Georgia State University.

Benjamin, W. (1968) Illuminations. New York, Shocken Books.

Betsko, K. & Koening R. (1987) Interviews with Contemporary Women Playwrights. New York, Beech Tree Books (A Quil Edition).

Billington, M. (1983) The Guardian. 9 Feb. U: Fitzsimmons L. (ed.) File on Churchill. Methuen Drama.

Bohne, L. (2016) The Elective Affinities of Hilary Clinton. CounterPunch. August 5, 2016. http://www.counterpunch.org/2016/08/05/the-elective-affinities-of-hillaryclinton/ [Accessed 29th May 2023]

Buse, P. (2001) Drama+Theory: Critical approaches to modern British drama. Manchester and New York, Manchester University Press.

Cameron, R. (2009) From Great Women to Top Girls: Pageants of Sisterhood in British Feminist Theater. Comparative Drama. Volume 43. No. 2.

Chodorow, N. (1979) Mothering, male dominance, and capitalism. U: Eisenstein Z. (ed.) Capitalist Patriarchy and the Case of Social Feminism. London, New York, Monthly Review Press.

Churchill, C. (1990) Plays Two: Softcops, Top Girls, Fen, Serious Money, Methuen.

Churchill, C. (1996) Plays One: Owners, Traps, Vinegar Tom, Light Shining in Buckinghamshire, Cloud Nine, Methuen.

Churchill, C. (1990) Shorts: Lovesick, Abortive, Not...Not...Not...Not...Not Enough Oxygen, Schreber’s Nervous Illness, The Hospital at the Time of the Revolution, The Judge’s Wife, The After-Dinner Joke, Seagulls, Three More Sleepless Nights, Hot Fudge. Nick Hern Books.

Cohn, R. (1995) Reading and Teaching: Maria Irene Fornes and Caryl Churchill. Anglo-American Interplay in Recent Drama. Cambridge University Press.

Coveny, M. (1983) Financial Times. 8 Feb. U: Fitzsimmons, L. (ed.) File on Churchill. Methuen Drama.

Figes, E. (1986) Patriarchal Attitudes: Women in Society. New York, Persea Books.

Fitzsimmons, L. (1989) File on Churchill. Methuen Drama.

Gems, P. (1992) Queen Christina. U: Innes C. (ed.) Modern British Drama 1890– 1990. Cambridge University Press.

Goodman, L. (1998) Overlapping dialogue in Overlapping Media: Behind the scenes of Top Girls. U: Rabillard, S. (ed.) Essays on Caryl Churchill: Contemporary representations. Winnipeg, Buffalo, Blizzard Publishing.

Guin le, U. (1986) Bryn Mawr Commencement Address.

Hartmann, H. (1976) The Historical Roots of Occupational Segregation: Capitalism, Patriarchy, and Job Segregation by Sex. Signs. Vol. 1. No. 3. Women and the Workplace: The Implications of Occupational Segregation. University of Chicago Press.

Jenkins, A. (1998) Social relations: An Overview. U: Rabillard, S. (ed.) Essays on Caryl Churchill: Contemporary representations. Winnipeg, Buffalo, Blizzard Publishing.

Lane, H. (1998) Secrets as Strategies for Protection and Oppression in Top Girls. U: Rabillard, S. (ed.) Essays on Caryl Churchill. Winnipeg, Buffalo, Blizzard Publishing.

Šekspir, V. (1966) Magbet u: Celokupna dela Viljema Šekspira. Knjiga 5. 2. Izdanje. Beograd, Kultura.

Stangl, C. (2003) Top Girls Study Guide. Guthrie Theater.

Sullivan, V. D. (1997) Caryl Churchill. British Writers (Supplement IV). George Stade and Carol Howard (under the auspices of the British Council). New York, Scribner.

The Radical Women Manifesto (2001) Platform. Socialist Feminist Activist Organisation.

Tučev, N. (2002) Alienated lives: having as a dehumanizing mode of existence in Caryl Churchill’s Owners. Facta Universitatis: Linguistics and Literature. Vol. 2. No 9. Niš, University of Niš.

Vasile, G. (2010) The Female Voices in Caryl Churchill’s Top Girls (1982): Sisters or Foes. Anagnorisis. 1.